diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/bool_rle_vec.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/bool_rle_vec.rs
index 27cc4c49..b9922ca1 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/bool_rle_vec.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/bool_rle_vec.rs
@@ -52,6 +52,57 @@ impl BoolRleVec {
         Some(is_last_run_true)
     }
 
+    pub fn drop_last_n(&mut self, n: usize) {
+        if n > self.len {
+            panic!("Attempted to drop more elements than exist in the vector");
+        }
+
+        let mut remaining = n;
+        while remaining > 0 {
+            if let Some(last) = self.rle_vec.last_mut() {
+                if *last <= remaining as u32 {
+                    remaining -= *last as usize;
+                    self.rle_vec.pop();
+                } else {
+                    *last -= remaining as u32;
+                    remaining = 0;
+                }
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.len -= n;
+
+        // Remove any trailing zero-length runs
+        while self.rle_vec.last().map_or(false, |&x| x == 0) {
+            self.rle_vec.pop();
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn merge(&mut self, other: &BoolRleVec) {
+        if self.is_empty() {
+            self.rle_vec = other.rle_vec.clone();
+            self.len = other.len;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if other.is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Align the end of self with the start of other
+        let self_last_run_true = self.rle_vec.len() % 2 == 0;
+        if self_last_run_true {
+            self.rle_vec.extend_from_slice(&other.rle_vec);
+        } else {
+            *self.rle_vec.last_mut().unwrap() += other.rle_vec[0];
+            self.rle_vec.extend_from_slice(&other.rle_vec[1..]);
+        }
+
+        self.len += other.len;
+    }
+
     pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
         self.len
     }
@@ -281,4 +332,109 @@ mod test {
         let iter = long_rle_vec.iter().skip(999);
         assert_eq!(iter.collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![true, false, true]);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_bool_rle_vec_merge() {
+        // Test merging two empty vectors
+        let mut vec1 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        let vec2 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec1.merge(&vec2);
+        assert!(vec1.is_empty());
+
+        // Test merging an empty vector with a non-empty one
+        let mut vec1 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        let mut vec2 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec2.push(true);
+        vec2.push(false);
+        vec1.merge(&vec2);
+        assert_eq!(vec1.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![true, false]);
+
+        // Test merging two non-empty vectors
+        let mut vec1 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        let mut vec2 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec1.push(true);
+        vec1.push(true);
+        vec2.push(false);
+        vec2.push(true);
+        vec1.merge(&vec2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            vec1.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            vec![true, true, false, true]
+        );
+
+        // Test merging with alignment (last run of vec1 matches first run of vec2)
+        let mut vec1 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        let mut vec2 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec1.push(true);
+        vec1.push(false);
+        vec2.push(false);
+        vec2.push(true);
+        vec1.merge(&vec2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            vec1.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            vec![true, false, false, true]
+        );
+
+        // Test merging with long runs
+        let mut vec1 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        let mut vec2 = BoolRleVec::new();
+        for _ in 0..100 {
+            vec1.push(true);
+        }
+        for _ in 0..100 {
+            vec2.push(false);
+        }
+        vec1.merge(&vec2);
+        assert_eq!(vec1.len(), 200);
+        assert_eq!(vec1.rle_vec.len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(vec1.iter().take(100).filter(|&x| x).count(), 100);
+        assert_eq!(vec1.iter().skip(100).filter(|&x| !x).count(), 100);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_drop_last_n() {
+        // Test dropping from a single run
+        let mut vec = BoolRleVec::new();
+        for _ in 0..5 {
+            vec.push(true);
+        }
+        vec.drop_last_n(3);
+        assert_eq!(vec.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![true, true]);
+
+        // Test dropping across multiple runs
+        let mut vec = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec.push(true);
+        vec.push(true);
+        vec.push(false);
+        vec.push(false);
+        vec.push(true);
+        vec.drop_last_n(3);
+        assert_eq!(vec.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![true, true]);
+
+        // Test dropping entire vector
+        let mut vec = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec.push(true);
+        vec.push(false);
+        vec.drop_last_n(2);
+        assert!(vec.is_empty());
+
+        // Test dropping from long runs
+        let mut vec = BoolRleVec::new();
+        for _ in 0..100 {
+            vec.push(true);
+        }
+        for _ in 0..100 {
+            vec.push(false);
+        }
+        vec.drop_last_n(150);
+        assert_eq!(vec.len(), 50);
+        assert!(vec.iter().all(|x| x));
+
+        // Test dropping zero elements
+        let mut vec = BoolRleVec::new();
+        vec.push(true);
+        vec.push(false);
+        vec.drop_last_n(0);
+        assert_eq!(vec.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![true, false]);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/mod.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/mod.rs
index 52f31ddc..d9f97a10 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/mod.rs
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 pub(crate) mod bool_rle_vec;
+pub(crate) mod tree_ds;
 pub(crate) mod tree_op;
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/tree_ds.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/tree_ds.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7888376c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/tree/tree_ds.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+use either::Either;
+use fxhash::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
+use loro_common::{IdFull, IdLp, TreeID, ID};
+
+use crate::VersionVector;
+
+use super::bool_rle_vec::BoolRleVec;
+
+pub(crate) struct TreeLinearHistory {
+    ops: Vec<TreeOpWrap>,
+    has_effect: BoolRleVec,
+    target_to_op_idx: FxHashMap<TreeID, usize>,
+}
+
+struct TreeOpWrap {
+    op: TreeOp,
+    last_update_on_target: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+pub(crate) struct TreeOp {
+    pub id: IdFull,
+    pub target: TreeID,
+}
+
+pub(crate) struct PoppedTreeOp {
+    pub op: TreeOp,
+    pub has_effect: bool,
+    pub last_update_on_target: Option<IdFull>,
+}
+
+impl TreeLinearHistory {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ops: Vec::new(),
+            has_effect: BoolRleVec::new(),
+            target_to_op_idx: FxHashMap::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_vec(ops: Vec<TreeOp>, has_effect: BoolRleVec) -> Self {
+        let mut this = Self::new();
+        for (op, e) in ops.into_iter().zip(has_effect.iter()) {
+            this.push(op, e);
+        }
+
+        this
+    }
+
+    pub fn push(&mut self, op: TreeOp, has_effect: bool) {
+        let last = self.target_to_op_idx.insert(op.target, self.ops.len());
+        self.ops.push(TreeOpWrap {
+            op,
+            last_update_on_target: last,
+        });
+        self.has_effect.push(has_effect);
+    }
+
+    pub fn pop_util(&mut self, threshold: IdLp) -> Vec<PoppedTreeOp> {
+        let index = match self
+            .ops
+            .binary_search_by(|op_wrap| op_wrap.op.id.idlp().cmp(&threshold))
+        {
+            Ok(index) => index,
+            Err(index) => index,
+        };
+
+        self._pop_util(index)
+    }
+
+    // Some of them need to be pushed back later if they are inside the vv
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn pop_until_all_inside_vv(&mut self, vv: &VersionVector) -> Vec<PoppedTreeOp> {
+        for (i, op_wrap) in self.ops.iter().enumerate() {
+            if vv.get(&op_wrap.op.id.peer).unwrap() <= &op_wrap.op.id.counter {
+                return self._pop_util(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        vec![]
+    }
+
+    fn _pop_util(&mut self, index: usize) -> Vec<PoppedTreeOp> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    pub fn last_update_on(&self, target: TreeID) -> Option<IdFull> {
+        self.target_to_op_idx
+            .get(&target)
+            .and_then(|&idx| self.ops.get(idx))
+            .map(|op_wrap| op_wrap.op.id)
+    }
+
+    pub fn greatest_idlp(&self) -> Option<IdLp> {
+        self.ops.last().map(|op| op.op.id.idlp())
+    }
+
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.ops.len()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_bool_rle_vec(&self) -> &BoolRleVec {
+        &self.has_effect
+    }
+}