diff --git a/crates/bench-utils/src/lib.rs b/crates/bench-utils/src/lib.rs
index 295f30b9..fcab8e8c 100644
--- a/crates/bench-utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/bench-utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ pub fn gen_realtime_actions(action_num: usize, client_num: usize, seed: u64) ->
             Action::Text { client, action } => {
                 *client %= client_num;
                 if !action.ins.is_empty() {
-                    action.ins = (action.ins.as_bytes()[0] as u8).to_string();
+                    action.ins = (action.ins.as_bytes()[0]).to_string();
                 }
             }
             Action::SyncAll => {
diff --git a/crates/loro-ffi/build.rs b/crates/loro-ffi/build.rs
index d8460b5c..d621ee55 100644
--- a/crates/loro-ffi/build.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-ffi/build.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ fn main() {
     let crate_dir = std::env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").unwrap();
     let config = cbindgen::Config::from_file("cbindgen.toml")
         .expect("Unable to find cbindgen.toml configuration file");
-    cbindgen::generate_with_config(&crate_dir, config)
+    cbindgen::generate_with_config(crate_dir, config)
         .unwrap()
         .write_to_file("target/loro_ffi.h");
 }
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/benches/encode.rs b/crates/loro-internal/benches/encode.rs
index e05a2e61..0b5b3350 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/benches/encode.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/benches/encode.rs
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ mod run {
 
 mod import {
     use criterion::Criterion;
-    use loro_internal::{change::ChangeMergeCfg, configure::Configure, LoroCore};
+    use loro_internal::{configure::Configure, LoroCore};
 
     pub fn causal_iter(c: &mut Criterion) {
         let mut b = c.benchmark_group("causal_iter");
@@ -133,20 +133,12 @@ mod import {
             b.iter(|| {
                 let mut c1 = LoroCore::new(
                     Configure {
-                        change: ChangeMergeCfg {
-                            max_change_length: 0,
-                            max_change_interval: 0,
-                        },
                         ..Default::default()
                     },
                     Some(1),
                 );
                 let mut c2 = LoroCore::new(
                     Configure {
-                        change: ChangeMergeCfg {
-                            max_change_length: 0,
-                            max_change_interval: 0,
-                        },
                         ..Default::default()
                     },
                     Some(2),
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/change.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/change.rs
index 970eaafa..8dd000be 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/change.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/change.rs
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ use crate::{
     dag::DagNode,
     id::{Counter, ID},
     op::Op,
-    span::{HasId, HasIdSpan, HasLamport},
+    span::{HasId, HasLamport},
     version::Frontiers,
 };
 use num::traits::AsPrimitive;
-use rle::{HasIndex, HasLength, Mergable, Rle, RleVec, Sliceable};
+use rle::{HasIndex, HasLength, Mergable, RleVec, Sliceable};
 
 pub type Timestamp = i64;
 pub type Lamport = u32;
@@ -52,6 +52,14 @@ impl<O> Change<O> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<O: Mergable + HasLength + HasIndex + Debug> HasIndex for Change<O> {
+    type Int = Counter;
+
+    fn get_start_index(&self) -> Self::Int {
+        self.id.counter
+    }
+}
+
 impl<O> HasId for Change<O> {
     fn id_start(&self) -> ID {
         self.id
@@ -63,6 +71,23 @@ impl<O> HasLamport for Change<O> {
         self.lamport
     }
 }
+
+impl<O> Mergable for Change<O> {
+    fn is_mergable(&self, _other: &Self, _conf: &()) -> bool
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        false
+    }
+
+    fn merge(&mut self, _other: &Self, _conf: &())
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        unreachable!()
+    }
+}
+
 use std::fmt::Debug;
 impl<O: Mergable + HasLength + HasIndex + Debug> HasLength for Change<O> {
     fn content_len(&self) -> usize {
@@ -70,54 +95,6 @@ impl<O: Mergable + HasLength + HasIndex + Debug> HasLength for Change<O> {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct ChangeMergeCfg {
-    pub max_change_length: usize,
-    pub max_change_interval: usize,
-}
-
-impl ChangeMergeCfg {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        ChangeMergeCfg {
-            max_change_length: 1024,
-            max_change_interval: 60,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for ChangeMergeCfg {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            max_change_length: 1024,
-            max_change_interval: 60,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<O: Rle + HasIndex> Mergable<ChangeMergeCfg> for Change<O> {
-    fn merge(&mut self, other: &Self, _: &ChangeMergeCfg) {
-        self.ops.merge(&other.ops, &());
-    }
-
-    fn is_mergable(&self, other: &Self, cfg: &ChangeMergeCfg) -> bool {
-        if other.deps.is_empty() || !(other.deps.len() == 1 && self.id_last() == other.deps[0]) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        if self.content_len() > cfg.max_change_length {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        if other.timestamp - self.timestamp > cfg.max_change_interval as i64 {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        self.id.peer == other.id.peer
-            && self.id.counter + self.content_len() as Counter == other.id.counter
-            && self.lamport + self.content_len() as Lamport == other.lamport
-    }
-}
-
 impl<O: Mergable + HasLength + Sliceable> Sliceable for Change<O> {
     // TODO: feels slow, need to confirm whether this affects performance
     fn slice(&self, from: usize, to: usize) -> Self {
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/configure.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/configure.rs
index 7817bced..ec11ef70 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/configure.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/configure.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 use std::{fmt::Debug, sync::Arc};
 
-use crate::{change::ChangeMergeCfg, log_store::GcConfig, Timestamp};
+use crate::{log_store::GcConfig, Timestamp};
 use ring::rand::{SecureRandom, SystemRandom};
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Configure {
-    pub change: ChangeMergeCfg,
     pub gc: GcConfig,
     pub get_time: fn() -> Timestamp,
     pub rand: Arc<dyn SecureRandomGenerator>,
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ pub struct Configure {
 impl Debug for Configure {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         f.debug_struct("Configure")
-            .field("change", &self.change)
             .field("gc", &self.gc)
             .field("get_time", &self.get_time)
             .finish()
@@ -57,7 +55,6 @@ impl SecureRandomGenerator for SystemRandom {
 impl Default for Configure {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
-            change: ChangeMergeCfg::default(),
             gc: GcConfig::default(),
             get_time: || 0,
             rand: Arc::new(SystemRandom::new()),
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/list/list_container.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/list/list_container.rs
index de0fabcb..66cf2e63 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/list/list_container.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/list/list_container.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ use crate::{
     prelim::Prelim,
     transaction::Transaction,
     value::LoroValue,
-    version::PatchedVersionVector,
     LoroError, Transact, VersionVector,
 };
 
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/registry.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/registry.rs
index b08e83c2..ea83def1 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/registry.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/registry.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use std::{
-    ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
+    ops::Deref,
     sync::{
         atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering},
         Arc, Mutex, Weak,
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ use crate::{
     log_store::ImportContext,
     op::{RemoteContent, RichOp},
     transaction::Transaction,
-    version::PatchedVersionVector,
     LoroError, LoroValue, Transact, VersionVector,
 };
 
@@ -346,6 +345,8 @@ impl ContainerRegistry {
 
     #[cfg(feature = "test_utils")]
     pub fn debug_inspect(&mut self) {
+        use std::ops::DerefMut;
+
         for (_, ContainerAndId { container, id: _ }) in self.containers.iter_mut() {
             if let ContainerInstance::Text(x) = container.try_lock().unwrap().deref_mut() {
                 x.debug_inspect()
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/text/text_content.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/text/text_content.rs
index ec9dbdcb..ab8ff8e7 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/container/text/text_content.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/container/text/text_content.rs
@@ -5,11 +5,7 @@ use rle::{HasLength, Mergable, Sliceable};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};
 
-use crate::{
-    delta::{DeltaItem, DeltaValue},
-    smstring::SmString,
-    LoroValue,
-};
+use crate::{delta::DeltaValue, smstring::SmString, LoroValue};
 
 use super::string_pool::PoolString;
 
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/dag/iter.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/dag/iter.rs
index 386f0c77..901aa38e 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/dag/iter.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/dag/iter.rs
@@ -365,7 +365,6 @@ impl<'a, T: DagNode + 'a, D: Dag<Node = T>> Iterator for DagCausalIter<'a, D> {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     use crate::{
-        change::ChangeMergeCfg,
         configure::Configure,
         dag::DagUtils,
         id::{Counter, ID},
@@ -441,20 +440,12 @@ mod test {
     fn parallel_case() {
         let mut c1 = LoroCore::new(
             Configure {
-                change: ChangeMergeCfg {
-                    max_change_length: 0,
-                    max_change_interval: 0,
-                },
                 ..Default::default()
             },
             Some(1),
         );
         let mut c2 = LoroCore::new(
             Configure {
-                change: ChangeMergeCfg {
-                    max_change_length: 0,
-                    max_change_interval: 0,
-                },
                 ..Default::default()
             },
             Some(2),
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store.rs
index c7190888..21655c71 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store.rs
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ use std::{
 
 use fxhash::FxHashMap;
 
-use rle::{HasLength, RleVec, RleVecWithIndex, Sliceable};
+use rle::{HasLength, RleVec, Sliceable};
 
 use crate::{
-    change::{Change, ChangeMergeCfg},
+    change::Change,
     configure::Configure,
     container::{
         registry::{ContainerIdx, ContainerInstance, ContainerRegistry},
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl GcConfig {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) type ClientChanges = FxHashMap<PeerID, RleVecWithIndex<Change, ChangeMergeCfg>>;
+pub(crate) type ClientChanges = FxHashMap<PeerID, RleVec<[Change; 0]>>;
 pub(crate) type RemoteClientChanges = FxHashMap<PeerID, Vec<Change<RemoteOp>>>;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ impl LogStore {
     pub fn lookup_change(&self, id: ID) -> Option<&Change> {
         self.changes.get(&id.peer).and_then(|changes| {
             if id.counter <= changes.last().unwrap().id_last().counter {
-                Some(changes.get(id.counter as usize).unwrap().element)
+                Some(changes.get_by_atom_index(id.counter).unwrap().element)
             } else {
                 None
             }
@@ -131,10 +131,7 @@ impl LogStore {
     fn get_changes_slice(&self, id_span: IdSpan) -> Vec<Change> {
         if let Some(changes) = self.changes.get(&id_span.client_id) {
             let mut ans = Vec::with_capacity(id_span.atom_len() / 30);
-            for change in changes.slice_iter(
-                id_span.counter.min() as usize,
-                id_span.counter.norm_end() as usize,
-            ) {
+            for change in changes.slice_iter(id_span.counter.min(), id_span.counter.norm_end()) {
                 let change = change.value.slice(change.start, change.end);
                 ans.push(change);
             }
@@ -273,10 +270,9 @@ impl LogStore {
         self.latest_lamport = lamport + change.content_len() as u32 - 1;
         self.latest_timestamp = timestamp;
         self.vv.set_end(change.id_end());
-        let cfg = self.get_change_merge_cfg();
         self.changes
             .entry(self.this_client_id)
-            .or_insert_with(|| RleVecWithIndex::new_with_conf(cfg))
+            .or_default()
             .push(change);
     }
 
@@ -295,7 +291,7 @@ impl LogStore {
         self.changes
             .get(&id.peer)
             .map_or(0, |changes| changes.atom_len())
-            > id.counter as usize
+            > id.counter
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -325,21 +321,6 @@ impl LogStore {
         &self.vv
     }
 
-    fn get_change_merge_cfg(&self) -> ChangeMergeCfg {
-        ChangeMergeCfg {
-            max_change_length: self.cfg.change.max_change_length,
-            max_change_interval: self.cfg.change.max_change_interval,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn max_change_length(&mut self, max_change_length: usize) {
-        self.cfg.change.max_change_length = max_change_length
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn max_change_interval(&mut self, max_change_interval: usize) {
-        self.cfg.change.max_change_interval = max_change_interval
-    }
-
     pub(crate) fn gc(&mut self, gc: bool) {
         self.cfg.gc.gc = gc;
     }
@@ -355,12 +336,12 @@ impl LogStore {
             self.changes.len(),
             self.changes
                 .values()
-                .map(|v| format!("{}", v.vec().len()))
+                .map(|v| format!("{}", v.len()))
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                 .join(", "),
             self.changes
                 .values()
-                .map(|v| format!("{}", v.vec().iter().map(|x| x.ops.len()).sum::<usize>()))
+                .map(|v| format!("{}", v.iter().map(|x| x.ops.len()).sum::<usize>()))
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                 .join(", "),
             self.changes
@@ -415,7 +396,7 @@ impl Dag for LogStore {
     fn get(&self, id: ID) -> Option<&Self::Node> {
         self.changes
             .get(&id.peer)
-            .and_then(|x| x.get(id.counter as usize).map(|x| x.element))
+            .and_then(|x| x.get_by_atom_index(id.counter).map(|x| x.element))
     }
 
     fn frontier(&self) -> &[ID] {
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/encoding/encode_snapshot.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/encoding/encode_snapshot.rs
index ae9a4c0c..5df024a0 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/encoding/encode_snapshot.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/encoding/encode_snapshot.rs
@@ -2,13 +2,12 @@ use std::collections::VecDeque;
 
 use fxhash::FxHashMap;
 use itertools::Itertools;
-use rle::{HasLength, RleVec, RleVecWithIndex};
+use rle::{HasLength, RleVec, RleVecWithLen};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_columnar::{columnar, from_bytes, to_vec};
-use smallvec::SmallVec;
 
 use crate::{
-    change::{Change, ChangeMergeCfg},
+    change::Change,
     container::text::text_content::SliceRange,
     container::{
         list::list_op::{DeleteSpan, InnerListOp},
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ use crate::{
     event::EventDiff,
     hierarchy::Hierarchy,
     id::{Counter, PeerID, ID},
-    log_store::{encoding::encode_changes::get_lamport_by_deps, ImportContext},
+    log_store::{encoding::encode_changes::get_lamport_by_deps, ClientChanges, ImportContext},
     op::{InnerContent, Op},
     span::HasLamportSpan,
     version::{Frontiers, TotalOrderStamp},
@@ -454,7 +453,7 @@ pub(super) fn decode_snapshot(
     }
     // calculate lamport
     let mut lamport_map = FxHashMap::default();
-    let mut changes = FxHashMap::default();
+    let mut changes: ClientChanges = FxHashMap::default();
     let mut client_ids: VecDeque<_> = changes_dq.keys().copied().collect();
     let len = client_ids.len();
     let mut loop_time = len;
@@ -468,10 +467,7 @@ pub(super) fn decode_snapshot(
                         change.id.counter..change.id.counter + change.content_len() as Counter,
                         lamport,
                     ));
-                    changes
-                        .entry(client_id)
-                        .or_insert_with(|| RleVecWithIndex::new_with_conf(ChangeMergeCfg::new()))
-                        .push(change);
+                    changes.entry(client_id).or_default().push(change);
                     loop_time = len;
                 }
                 Err(_not_found_client) => {
@@ -531,7 +527,7 @@ fn load_snapshot(
     new_store: &mut LogStore,
     new_hierarchy: &mut Hierarchy,
     vv: VersionVector,
-    changes: FxHashMap<PeerID, RleVecWithIndex<Change, ChangeMergeCfg>>,
+    changes: ClientChanges,
     containers: Vec<ContainerID>,
     container_states: Vec<EncodedStateContent>,
     keys: &[InternalString],
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/import.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/import.rs
index 6afaca96..a7493cef 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/import.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/import.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use crate::hierarchy::Hierarchy;
 use crate::id::{Counter, PeerID, ID};
 use crate::op::RemoteOp;
 use crate::span::{CounterSpan, HasCounter, HasCounterSpan};
-use crate::version::PatchedVersionVector;
 use crate::LogStore;
 use crate::{
     container::registry::ContainerIdx,
@@ -13,13 +12,12 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};
-use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::{collections::VecDeque, sync::MutexGuard};
 use tracing::instrument;
 
 use fxhash::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
 
-use rle::{slice_vec_by, HasLength, RleVecWithIndex, Sliceable};
+use rle::{slice_vec_by, HasLength, Sliceable};
 
 use crate::{
     container::{registry::ContainerInstance, ContainerID, ContainerTrait},
@@ -173,7 +171,6 @@ impl LogStore {
             next_vv.set_end(changes.last().unwrap().id_end());
         }
         // push changes to log stores
-        let cfg = self.get_change_merge_cfg();
         for (client_id, changes) in changes.iter() {
             let mut inner_changes = Vec::with_capacity(changes.len());
             for change in changes.iter() {
@@ -182,10 +179,7 @@ impl LogStore {
                 inner_changes.push(change);
             }
 
-            let rle = self
-                .changes
-                .entry(*client_id)
-                .or_insert_with(|| RleVecWithIndex::new_cfg(cfg.clone()));
+            let rle = self.changes.entry(*client_id).or_default();
             for change in inner_changes {
                 // if let Some(last) = rle.last() {
                 //     assert_eq!(
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/iter.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/iter.rs
index b30ca66c..e1f3fabc 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/iter.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/log_store/iter.rs
@@ -9,17 +9,15 @@ use crate::span::IdSpan;
 
 use fxhash::FxHashMap;
 use rle::HasLength;
-
-use crate::change::ChangeMergeCfg;
+use rle::RleVec;
+use rle::RleVecWithLen;
 
 use crate::change::Change;
 
-use rle::RleVecWithIndex;
-
 pub struct ClientOpIter<'a> {
     pub(crate) change_index: usize,
     pub(crate) op_index: usize,
-    pub(crate) changes: Option<&'a RleVecWithIndex<Change, ChangeMergeCfg>>,
+    pub(crate) changes: Option<&'a RleVec<[Change; 0]>>,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Iterator for ClientOpIter<'a> {
@@ -50,14 +48,11 @@ pub struct OpSpanIter<'a> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> OpSpanIter<'a> {
-    pub fn new(
-        changes: &'a FxHashMap<PeerID, RleVecWithIndex<Change, ChangeMergeCfg>>,
-        target_span: IdSpan,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(changes: &'a FxHashMap<PeerID, RleVec<[Change; 0]>>, target_span: IdSpan) -> Self {
         let rle_changes = changes.get(&target_span.client_id).unwrap();
         let changes = rle_changes.vec();
         let change_index = rle_changes
-            .get(target_span.id_start().counter as usize)
+            .get_by_atom_index(target_span.id_start().counter)
             .map(|x| x.merged_index)
             .unwrap_or(changes.len());
 
@@ -67,7 +62,7 @@ impl<'a> OpSpanIter<'a> {
             change_index,
             op_index: rle_changes[change_index]
                 .ops
-                .get(target_span.counter.start)
+                .get_by_atom_index(target_span.counter.start)
                 .unwrap()
                 .merged_index,
         }
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/loro.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/loro.rs
index 9c67661c..3fe0cc98 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/loro.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/loro.rs
@@ -200,19 +200,6 @@ impl LoroCore {
     }
 
     // config
-    pub fn max_change_length(&mut self, max_change_length: usize) {
-        self.log_store
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .max_change_length(max_change_length);
-    }
-
-    pub fn max_change_interval(&mut self, max_change_interval: usize) {
-        self.log_store
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .max_change_interval(max_change_interval);
-    }
 
     pub fn gc(&mut self, gc: bool) {
         self.log_store.write().unwrap().gc(gc)
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/arena.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/arena.rs
index 11db3026..105a07b3 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/arena.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/arena.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-use im::Vector;
-
-use crate::container::{ContainerID, ContainerIdx};
+use crate::container::ContainerID;
 
 /// This is shared between [OpLog] and [AppState].
 /// It uses a immutable data structure inside so that we have O(1) clone time.
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/diff_calc.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/diff_calc.rs
index f63f2aa8..2c2a5e6b 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/diff_calc.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/diff_calc.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use fxhash::FxHashMap;
 
-use crate::container::{ContainerID, ContainerIdx};
+use crate::container::ContainerID;
 
 /// Calculate the diff between two versions. given [OpLog][super::oplog::OpLog]
 /// and [AppState][super::state::AppState].
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/oplog/dag.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/oplog/dag.rs
index fa064397..a497dabd 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/oplog/dag.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/oplog/dag.rs
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ impl Dag for AppDag {
         } = id;
         self.map
             .get(&client_id)
-            .and_then(|rle| rle.get(counter).map(|x| x.element))
+            .and_then(|rle| rle.get_by_atom_index(counter).map(|x| x.element))
     }
 
     fn vv(&self) -> VersionVector {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ impl AppDag {
     /// It's the version when the op is applied
     pub fn get_vv(&self, id: ID) -> Option<ImVersionVector> {
         self.map.get(&id.peer).and_then(|rle| {
-            rle.get(id.counter).map(|x| {
+            rle.get_by_atom_index(id.counter).map(|x| {
                 let mut vv = x.element.vv.clone();
                 vv.insert(id.peer, id.counter);
                 vv
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ impl AppDag {
 
     pub fn get_lamport(&self, id: &ID) -> Option<Lamport> {
         self.map.get(&id.peer).and_then(|rle| {
-            rle.get(id.counter)
+            rle.get_by_atom_index(id.counter)
                 .map(|x| x.element.lamport + (id.counter - x.element.cnt) as Lamport)
         })
     }
diff --git a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/state.rs b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/state.rs
index 5b28fedf..e4e813f7 100644
--- a/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/state.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-internal/src/refactor/state.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
 use enum_dispatch::enum_dispatch;
 use fxhash::FxHashMap;
 
-use crate::{
-    container::{ContainerID, ContainerIdx},
-    event::Diff,
-    version::Frontiers,
-    VersionVector,
-};
+use crate::{container::ContainerID, event::Diff, version::Frontiers, VersionVector};
 
 use super::arena::SharedArena;
 
diff --git a/crates/loro-wasm/src/lib.rs b/crates/loro-wasm/src/lib.rs
index ed825e5b..38d96f2c 100644
--- a/crates/loro-wasm/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/loro-wasm/src/lib.rs
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ impl Loro {
     #[wasm_bindgen(constructor)]
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         let cfg: Configure = Configure {
-            change: Default::default(),
             gc: GcConfig::default().with_gc(false),
             get_time: || js_sys::Date::now() as i64,
             rand: Arc::new(MathRandom),
diff --git a/crates/rle/src/range_map.rs b/crates/rle/src/range_map.rs
index 940bef62..ebfdc19b 100644
--- a/crates/rle/src/range_map.rs
+++ b/crates/rle/src/range_map.rs
@@ -485,7 +485,6 @@ impl<Index: GlobalIndex, T: PartialEq + Eq> Mergable for WithStartEnd<Index, T>
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
-    use std::ops::Range;
 
     use super::*;
     #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
diff --git a/crates/rle/src/rle_vec.rs b/crates/rle/src/rle_vec.rs
index 0884976a..e3917802 100644
--- a/crates/rle/src/rle_vec.rs
+++ b/crates/rle/src/rle_vec.rs
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ where
         &self,
         index: <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int,
     ) -> Option<SearchResult<'_, A::Item, <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int>> {
-        self.vec.get(index)
+        self.vec.get_by_atom_index(index)
     }
 
     pub fn iter_by_index(
@@ -279,13 +279,13 @@ where
             return SliceIterator::new_empty();
         }
 
-        let start = self.get(from);
+        let start = self.get_by_atom_index(from);
         if start.is_none() {
             return SliceIterator::new_empty();
         }
 
         let start = start.unwrap();
-        let end = self.get(to);
+        let end = self.get_by_atom_index(to);
         if let Some(end) = end {
             SliceIterator {
                 vec: &self.vec,
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ where
 
     /// get the element at the given atom index.
     /// return: (element, merged_index, offset)
-    pub fn get(
+    pub fn get_by_atom_index(
         &self,
         index: <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int,
     ) -> Option<SearchResult<'_, A::Item, <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int>> {
@@ -355,10 +355,56 @@ where
         })
     }
 
+    pub fn slice_iter(
+        &self,
+        from: <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int,
+        to: <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int,
+    ) -> SliceIterator<A::Item> {
+        if from == to || self.merged_len() == 0 {
+            return SliceIterator::new_empty();
+        }
+
+        let from_result = self.get_by_atom_index(from);
+        if from_result.is_none() {
+            return SliceIterator::new_empty();
+        }
+
+        let from_result = from_result.unwrap();
+        let to_result = if to == self.atom_len() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            self.get_by_atom_index(to)
+        };
+        if let Some(to_result) = to_result {
+            SliceIterator {
+                vec: &self.vec,
+                cur_index: from_result.merged_index,
+                cur_offset: from_result.offset.as_(),
+                end_index: Some(to_result.merged_index),
+                end_offset: Some(to_result.offset.as_()),
+            }
+        } else {
+            SliceIterator {
+                vec: &self.vec,
+                cur_index: from_result.merged_index,
+                cur_offset: from_result.offset.as_(),
+                end_index: None,
+                end_offset: None,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     #[inline]
     pub fn slice_merged(&self, range: Range<usize>) -> &[A::Item] {
         &self.vec[range]
     }
+
+    pub fn atom_len(&self) -> <A::Item as HasIndex>::Int {
+        self.vec
+            .last()
+            .map(|x| x.get_end_index())
+            .unwrap_or(<A::Item as HasIndex>::Int::from_usize(0).unwrap())
+    }
 }
 impl<A: Array> RleVec<A>
 where
diff --git a/crates/rle/src/rle_vec_old.rs b/crates/rle/src/rle_vec_old.rs
index 1105c253..d0b8a7b4 100644
--- a/crates/rle/src/rle_vec_old.rs
+++ b/crates/rle/src/rle_vec_old.rs
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ impl<T, Cfg> Deref for RleVecWithIndex<T, Cfg> {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     mod prime_value {
-        use crate::{Mergable, RleVecWithIndex, Sliceable};
+        use crate::{Mergable, RleVecWithIndex};
 
         impl Mergable for String {
             fn is_mergable(&self, _: &Self, _: &()) -> bool {